For Everyone

For everyone
Plain-language summaries

What my research means for you

I’m an anaesthesiologist and researcher at Amsterdam UMC. Below are the main things my research has found so far, explained without medical jargon, and — if you’re taking part in one of my studies — what that study was about, how it worked, and what it found.

Not personal medical advice. This page explains research findings in general terms. If you have a question about your own care or a study you’re taking part in, please speak to your own doctor or the study’s research nurse or coordinator.

Key findings, in plain language

A short summary of what my research has found so far. Each finding is based on published, peer-reviewed studies — see Publications for the full papers.

A diabetes medicine may help protect the kidneys during heart surgery

A group of diabetes medicines called SGLT2 inhibitors seem to help protect the kidneys during heart surgery. In a small first study, patients who took the medicine before their operation were much less likely to develop kidney injury afterwards (20% vs 67%). Larger trials are now under way to confirm this.

It’s often safe to keep taking SGLT2 inhibitors before surgery

Doctors used to routinely stop these medicines several days before any operation, as a precaution against a rare side effect. Newer research, including work I’ve contributed to, suggests that for many patients it’s actually safer to keep taking them, once the small risk of that side effect is weighed against the benefits of staying on the medicine.

GLP-1 medicines (semaglutide, liraglutide and similar) and surgery

These widely used diabetes and weight-loss medicines slow down digestion, which raised concern about anaesthesia and the stomach not being empty. Our research found the added risk mainly applies to people who started the medicine very recently — for most long-term users, there’s little evidence it needs to be stopped before surgery.

Metformin is safe to continue before surgery

Metformin, the most commonly used diabetes tablet, was once feared to cause a dangerous build-up of acid in the blood around surgery. A trial I led found continuing it made no meaningful difference to blood levels and gave no extra benefit from stopping — so for most patients, it’s fine to keep taking it.

Not everyone needs a diabetes blood test before surgery

Checking blood sugar (HbA1c) before an operation is useful for people already known or suspected to have diabetes. Our research found it isn’t a good way to screen everybody, though — it rarely turns up an undiagnosed case, and it doesn’t predict how well someone recovers.

Kidney injury after heart surgery is common — and we’re working on it

Somewhere between 1 in 20 and 2 in 5 people who have heart surgery develop some degree of kidney injury afterwards. It usually recovers, but not always, and it raises the long-term risk of kidney problems. Most of my research is aimed at understanding and preventing this.

Clinical trials — information for participants

If you or a family member took part in one of my randomised trials, here’s what each one set out to do, how it worked, and what it found (or where it currently stands).

Completed

GLOBE trial

AimTo check whether the medicine liraglutide could safely help control blood sugar during heart surgery.
MethodA multicentre randomised trial: patients received either liraglutide or a dummy (placebo) infusion, alongside usual glucose control.
ResultLiraglutide safely helped control blood sugar during the operation. A follow-up analysis also looked at its effect on heart function afterwards. Published in Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism (2019) and Journal of Clinical Medicine (2020).
Completed

Metformin perioperative trial

AimTo find out whether stopping metformin before surgery is really necessary to avoid a build-up of acid in the blood.
MethodA randomised trial comparing patients who continued metformin through surgery with those who stopped it as usual.
ResultContinuing metformin did not raise acid (lactate) levels to a worrying degree, and made no difference to blood sugar control. Published in Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism (2018).
Completed · pilot

MERCURI-1

AimTo see whether a diabetes medicine (empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor) given before heart surgery could reduce kidney injury afterwards.
MethodA small, open-label randomised pilot trial comparing empagliflozin with usual care.
ResultKidney injury occurred in 20% of patients on empagliflozin, versus 67% on usual care — a promising early signal that led to the larger MERCURI-2 trial. Published in Journal of Clinical Anesthesia (2025).
Completed · results embargoed

MERCURI-2

AimTo test the same idea as MERCURI-1, but in a large trial across several Dutch hospitals, to see whether the effect holds up at scale.
MethodA multicentre, randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
ResultRecruitment and data collection are complete. Results are being prepared for publication and will be added here — with a full trial page — once the paper is out.
Ongoing · recruiting

PRINCESS

AimTo find out whether fasting overnight or drinking a carbohydrate drink before surgery better protects against insulin resistance in orthopaedic patients.
MethodA randomised controlled trial comparing preoperative intermittent fasting, carbohydrate loading, and standard care.
ResultStill recruiting — results aren’t available yet.

For the full scientific detail behind any of these, see Research or Publications.

Patient organisations

I work with, and learn from, the following Dutch patient organisations. They’re independent of my research, and a good place to go for support and information as a patient.